De novo malignancies after kidney transplantation

Giuseppina Rosso; Maurizio Salvadori

doi:10.33393/gcnd.2024.3362

Authors

Giuseppina Rosso Azienda Usl Toscana Centro, S.O.C. Nefrologia e Dialisi, Firenze I ed Empoli, Nuovo Ospedale San Giovanni di Dio, Firenze - Italy https://orcid.org/0009-0005-1014-9866
Maurizio Salvadori Professore di Nefrologia già Direttore Nefrologia e Trapianto, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Firenze - Italy https://orcid.org/0000-0003-1503-2681

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2024.3362

Keywords:

Cancer, Immunosuppressive therapy, Kidney transplantation

Abstract

Cancer is the second cause of death in kidney transplant patients in most Western countries. The excess risk of cancer after kidney transplantation is two to three times higher than in the age and sex matched general population. Once cancer develops, the outcome is generally poor, particularly for melanoma, renal cell carcinoma and post-transplant lymphoproliferative disorder.
A multidisciplinary approach for screening, prevention, diagnosis and treatment of neoplastic disease after kidney transplantation is necessary.

Downloads

Download data is not yet available.

References

Laupacis A, Keown P, Pus N, et al. A study of the quality of life and cost-utility of renal transplantation. Kidney Int. 1996;50(1):235-242. https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.1996.307 PMID:8807593 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/ki.1996.307

Wolfe RA, Ashby VB, Milford EL, et al. Comparison of mortality in all patients on dialysis, patients on dialysis awaiting transplantation, and recipients of a first cadaveric transplant. N Engl J Med. 1999;341(23):1725-1730. PubMed: 10580071. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199912023412303 PMID:10580071 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJM199912023412303

Wong G, Howard K, Chapman JR, et al. Comparative survival and economic benefits of deceased donor kidney transplantation and dialysis in people with varying ages and co-morbidities. PLoS One. 2012;7(1):e29591. PMCID: PMC3261160. PubMed: 22279541. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029591 PMID:22279541 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0029591

Tong A, Budde K, Gill J, et al. Standardized outcomes in nephrology-transplantation: A global initiative to develop a core outcome set for trials in kidney transplantation. Transplant Direct. 2016;2(6):e79. PMCID: PMC4946524. PubMed: 27500269. https://doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000000593 PMID:27500269 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TXD.0000000000000593

Krynitz B, Edgren G, Lindelöf B, et al. Risk of skin cancer and other malignancies in kidney, liver, heart and lung transplant recipients 1970 to 2008--a Swedish population-based study. Int J Cancer. 2013;132(6):1429-1438. PubMed: 22886725. https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.27765 PMID:22886725 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/ijc.27765

Webster AC, Craig JC, Simpson JM, Jones MP, Chapman JR. Identifying high risk groups and quantifying absolute risk of cancer after kidney transplantation: a cohort study of 15,183 recipients. Am J Transplant. 2007;7(9):2140-2151. PubMed: 17640312. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01908.x PMID:17640312 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2007.01908.x

Webster AC, Wong G, Craig JC, Chapman JR. Managing cancer risk and decision making after kidney transplantation. Am J Transplant. 2008;8(11):2185-2191. PubMed: 18782291. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02385.x PMID:18782291 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2008.02385.x

Au EH, Chapman JR, Craig JC, et al. Overall and site-specific cancer mortality in patients on dialysis and after kidney transplant. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2019;30(3):471-480. PMCID: PMC6405152. PubMed: 30765426. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2018090906 PMID:30765426 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2018090906

Lim WH, Turner RM, Chapman JR, et al. Acute rejection, T-cell-depleting antibodies, and cancer after transplantation. Transplantation. 2014;97(8):817-825. PubMed: 24521777. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000442773.38510.32 PMID:24521777 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000442773.38510.32

Lim WH, Chapman JR, Wong G. Peak panel reactive antibody, cancer, graft, and patient outcomes in kidney transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2015;99(5):1043-1050. PubMed: 25539466. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000000469 PMID:25539466 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000000469

Wong G, Turner RM, Chapman JR, et al. Time on dialysis and cancer risk after kidney transplantation. Transplantation. 2013;95(1):114-121. PubMed: 23222892. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e31827743b4 PMID:23222892 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e31827743b4

Penn I. Evaluation of the candidate with a previous malignancy. Liver Transpl Surg. 1996;2(5)(suppl 1):109-113. PubMed: 9346710. PMID:9346710 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/lt.500020109

Acuna SA, Sutradhar R, Kim SJ, Baxter NN. Solid organ transplantation in patients with preexisting malignancies in remission: A propensity score matched cohort study. Transplantation. 2018;102(7):1156-1164. PMCID: PMC7228636. PubMed: 29557910. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002178 PMID:29557910 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002178

Lai MN, Wang SM, Chen PC, Chen YY, Wang JD. Population-based case-control study of Chinese herbal products containing aristolochic acid and urinary tract cancer risk. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2010;102(3):179-186. PMCID: PMC2815723. PubMed: 20026811. https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp467 PMID:20026811 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/jnci/djp467

Grulich AE, van Leeuwen MT, Falster MO, Vajdic CM. Incidence of cancers in people with HIV/AIDS compared with immunosuppressed transplant recipients: a meta-analysis. Lancet. 2007;370(9581):59-67. PubMed: 17617273. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61050-2 PMID:17617273 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(07)61050-2

Kuschal C, Thoms KM, Boeckmann L, et al. Cyclosporin A inhibits nucleotide excision repair via downregulation of the xeroderma pigmentosum group A and G proteins, which is mediated by calcineurin inhibition. Exp Dermatol. 2011;20(10):795-799. PubMed: 21707758. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01320.x PMID:21707758 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0625.2011.01320.x

Gallagher MP, Kelly PJ, Jardine M, et al. Long-term cancer risk of immunosuppressive regimens after kidney transplantation. J Am Soc Nephrol. 2010;21(5):852-858. PMCID: PMC2865745. PubMed: 20431040. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2009101043 PMID:20431040 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.2009101043

McGurgan IJ, McGuigan C. Nonmelanoma skin cancer risk awareness in azathioprine-treated myasthenia gravis patients. Brain Behav. 2015;5(10):e00396. PMCID: PMC4614050. PubMed: 26516615. https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.396 PMID:26516615 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/brb3.396

Cherikh WS, Kauffman HM, McBride MA, Maghirang J, Swinnen LJ, Hanto DW. Association of the type of induction immunosuppression with posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorder, graft survival, and patient survival after primary kidney transplantation. Transplantation. 2003;76(9):1289-1293. PubMed: 14627905. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000100826.58738.2B PMID:14627905 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/01.TP.0000100826.58738.2B

Kasiske BL, Ramos EL, Gaston RS, et al; Patient Care and Education Committee of the American Society of Transplant Physicians. The evaluation of renal transplant candidates: clinical practice guidelines. J Am Soc Nephrol. 1995;6(1):1-34. PubMed: 7579061. https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.V611 PMID:7579061 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1681/ASN.V611

Einollahi B, Simforoosh N, Lessan-Pezeshki M, et al. Genitourinary tumor following kidney transplantation: a multicenter study. Transplant Proc. 2009;41(7):2848-2849. PubMed: 19765454. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.07.056 PMID:19765454 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.transproceed.2009.07.056

Miao Y, Everly JJ, Gross TG, et al. De novo cancers arising in organ transplant recipients are associated with adverse outcomes compared with the general population. Transplantation. 2009;87(9):1347-1359. PubMed: 19424035. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181a238f6 PMID:19424035 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181a238f6

Finelli A, Ismaila N, Bro B, et al. Management of small renal masses: american Society of Clinical Oncology clinical practice guideline. J Clin Oncol. 2017;35(6):668-680. PubMed: 28095147. https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.69.9645 PMID:28095147 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1200/JCO.2016.69.9645

Umbreit EC, Shimko MS, Childs MA, et al. Metastatic potential of a renal mass according to original tumour size at presentation. BJU Int. 2012;109(2):190-194. PubMed: 21557795. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10184.x PMID:21557795 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1464-410X.2011.10184.x

Karami S, Yanik EL, Moore LE, et al. Risk of renal cell carcinoma among kidney transplant recipients in the United States. Am J Transplant. 2016;16(12):3479-3489. PMCID: PMC5104677. PubMed: 27160653. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.13862 PMID:27160653 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.13862

Campbell S, Uzzo RG, Allaf ME, et al. Renal mass and localized renal cancer: AUA guideline. J Urol. 2017;198(3):520-529. PubMed: 28479239. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.04.100 PMID:28479239 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.juro.2017.04.100

Ljungberg B, Albiges L, Abu-Ghanem Y, et al. European Association of Urology guidelines on renal cell carcinoma: The 2019 update. Eur Urol. 2019;75(5):799-810. PubMed: 30803729. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.02.011 PMID:30803729 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.eururo.2019.02.011

Frascà GM, Brigante F, Volpe A, Cosmai L, Gallieni M, Porta C. Kidney transplantation in patients with previous renal cancer: a critical appraisal of current evidence and guidelines. J Nephrol. 2019;32(1):57-64. PubMed: 30328092. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-018-0542-y PMID:30328092 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s40620-018-0542-y

Tillou X, Guleryuz K, Doerfler A, et al; members of the Renal Transplantation Committee of the French Urological Association (CTAFU). Nephron sparing surgery for De Novo kidney graft tumor: results from a multicenter national study. Am J Transplant. 2014;14(9):2120-2125. PubMed: 24984974. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.12788 PMID:24984974 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.12788

Yanik EL, Siddiqui K, Engels EA. Sirolimus effects on cancer incidence after kidney transplantation: a meta-analysis. Cancer Med. 2015;4(9):1448-1459. PMCID: PMC4567030. PubMed: 26108799. https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.487 PMID:26108799 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/cam4.487

Mittal A, Colegio OR. Skin cancers in organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2017;17(10):2509-2530. PubMed: 28556451. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.14382 PMID:28556451 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.14382

Greenberg JN, Zwald FO. Management of skin cancer in solid-organ transplant recipients: A multidisciplinary approach. Dermatol Clin 29: 231–241, ix, 2011 PMID:21421148 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.det.2011.02.004 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.det.2011.02.004

Walsh SB, Xu J, Xu H, et al. Cyclosporine a mediates pathogenesis of aggressive cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma by augmenting epithelial-mesenchymal transition: role of TGFβ signaling pathway. Mol Carcinog. 2011;50(7):516-527. PMCID: PMC3110643. PubMed: 21308804. https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20744 PMID:21308804 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1002/mc.20744

Brem R, Li F, Karran P. Reactive oxygen species generated by thiopurine/UVA cause irreparable transcription-blocking DNA lesions. Nucleic Acids Res. 2009;37(6):1951-1961. PMCID: PMC2665240. PubMed: 19208641. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp070 PMID:19208641 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkp070

Chen K, Craig JC, Shumack S: Oral retinoids for the prevention of skin cancers in solid organ transplant recipients: A systematic review of randomized controlled trials. Br J Dermatol 152: 518–523, 2005. PMID: 15787821 https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06347.x DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2133.2005.06347.x

Chen AC, Martin AJ, Dalziell RA, et al. A phase II randomized controlled trial of nicotinamide for skin cancer chemoprevention in renal transplant recipients. Br J Dermatol. 2016;175(5):1073-1075. PubMed: 27061568. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.14662 PMID:27061568 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/bjd.14662

Sunil M, Reid E, Lechowicz MJ. Update on HHV-8-associated malignancies. Curr Infect Dis Rep. 2010;12(2):147-154. PMCID: PMC2860558. PubMed: 20461118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-010-0092-5 PMID:20461118 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11908-010-0092-5

Francis A, Johnson DW, Teixeira-Pinto A, Craig JC, Wong G. Incidence and predictors of post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease after kidney transplantation during adulthood and childhood: a registry study. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2018;33(5):881-889. PubMed: 29342279. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfx356 PMID:29342279 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfx356

Luskin MR, Heil DS, Tan KS, et al. The impact of EBV status on characteristics and outcomes of posttransplantation lymphoproliferative disorder. Am J Transplant. 2015;15(10):2665-2673. PMCID: PMC5726526. PubMed: 25988622. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.13324 PMID:25988622 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.13324

Larsen CP, Grinyó J, Medina-Pestana J, et al. Belatacept-based regimens versus a cyclosporine A-based regimen in kidney transplant recipients: 2-year results from the BENEFIT and BENEFIT-EXT studies. Transplantation. 2010;90(12):1528-1535. PubMed: 21076381. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181ff87cd PMID:21076381 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0b013e3181ff87cd

Elstrom RL, Andreadis C, Aqui NA, et al. Treatment of PTLD with rituximab or chemotherapy. Am J Transplant. 2006;6(3):569-576. PubMed: 16468968. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01211.x PMID:16468968 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-6143.2005.01211.x

Wong G, Chapman JR, Craig JC. Cancer screening in renal transplant recipients: what is the evidence? Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2008;3(Suppl 2)(suppl 2):S87-S100. PMCID: PMC3152279. PubMed: 18309007. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03320807 PMID:18309007 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.03320807

Wong G, Howard K, Webster AC, Chapman JR, Craig JC. Screening for renal cancer in recipients of kidney transplants. Nephrol Dial Transplant. 2011;26(5):1729-1739. PubMed: 20961889. https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfq627 PMID:20961889 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1093/ndt/gfq627

Kumar D, Unger ER, Panicker G, Medvedev P, Wilson L, Humar A. Immunogenicity of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in organ transplant recipients. Am J Transplant. 2013;13(9):2411-2417. PMCID: PMC4583130. PubMed: 23837399. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.12329 PMID:23837399 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.12329

Lim WH, Russ GR, Wong G, Pilmore H, Kanellis J, Chadban SJ. The risk of cancer in kidney transplant recipients may be reduced in those maintained on everolimus and reduced cyclosporine. Kidney Int. 2017;91(4):954-963. PubMed: 28109543. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2016.11.008 PMID:28109543 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.kint.2016.11.008

Ying T, Wong G, Lim WH, et al. Everolimus and long-term clinical outcomes in kidney transplant recipients: A registry-based 10-year follow-up of 5 randomized trials. Transplantation. 2019;103(8):1705-1713. PubMed: 30365464. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002499 PMID:30365464 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000002499

Badve SV, Pascoe EM, Burke M, et al. Mammalian target of rapamycin inhibitors and clinical outcomes in adult kidney transplant recipients. Clin J Am Soc Nephrol. 2016;11(10):1845-1855. PMCID: PMC5053777. PubMed: 27445164. https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00190116 PMID:27445164 DOI: https://doi.org/10.2215/CJN.00190116

Knoll GA, Kokolo MB, Mallick R, et al. Effect of sirolimus on malignancy and survival after kidney transplantation: systematic review and meta-analysis of individual patient data. BMJ. 2014;349(nov24 1):g6679. PMCID: PMC4241732. PubMed: 25422259. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g6679 PMID:25422259 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.g6679

de Fijter JW. Cancer and mTOR inhibitors in transplant recipients. Transplantation. 2017;101(1):45-55. PubMed: 27547865. https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000001447 PMID:27547865 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1097/TP.0000000000001447

Bhatia S, Tykodi SS, Lee SM, Thompson JA. Systemic therapy of metastatic melanoma: on the road to cure. Oncology (Williston Park). 2015;29(2):126-135. PubMed: 25683834. PMID:25683834

Motzer RJ, Escudier B, McDermott DF, et al; CheckMate 025 Investigators. CheckMate 025 Investigators : nivolumab versus everolimus in advanced renal-cell carcinoma. N Engl J Med. 2015;373(19):1803-1813. PMCID: PMC5719487. PubMed: 26406148. https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1510665 PMID:26406148 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1056/NEJMoa1510665

Abdel-Wahab N, Safa H, Abudayyeh A, et al. Checkpoint inhibitor therapy for cancer in solid organ transplantation recipients: an institutional experience and a systematic review of the literature. J Immunother Cancer. 2019;7(1):106. PMCID: PMC6469201. PubMed: 30992053. https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0585-1 PMID:30992053 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40425-019-0585-1

d’Izarny-Gargas T, Durrbach A, Zaidan M. Efficacy and tolerance of immune checkpoint inhibitors in transplant patients with cancer: A systematic review. Am J Transplant. 2020;20(9):2457-2465. PubMed: 32027461. https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15811 PMID:32027461 DOI: https://doi.org/10.1111/ajt.15811