Principles of immunobiology of transplantation and activation of immune response

Authors

  • Aris Tsalouchos Azienda Usl Toscana Centro, S.O.S. Nefrologia e Dialisi, Ospedale SS Cosma e Damiano, Pescia, Italia
  • Maurizio Salvadori Professore di Nefrologia già Direttore Nefrologia e Trapianto, Azienda Ospedaliera Careggi, Firenze, Italia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2019.506

Keywords:

Kidney transplantation, Major histocompatibility complex, Antigen recognition, T-cell activation, B cell activation

Abstract

To achieve an effective immune response it is important that T cells can recognize a wide variety of non-self antigens; this allows for restrained immune activation and subsequent antigen-specific killing. This task is accomplished through the generation of a repertoire of T cells in a single individual with specificity for an enormous number of potential foreign antigens presented as peptides on the surface of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules. Variations in MHC structure among individuals increase the variety of peptides that can be presented to T cells; this mechanism protects the species as a whole by ensuring adequate T-cell responses to a given foreign organism. Although slightly different, these MHC polymorphisms expressed in the donor kidney are recognized after kidney transplantation between non genetically-identical humans, and induce alloresponses that in the absence of immunosuppression result in rejection of the allograft. In this chapter, we review basic immunological principles important to the field of kidney transplantation.

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Published

2019-02-13

How to Cite

Tsalouchos, A., & Salvadori, M. (2019). Principles of immunobiology of transplantation and activation of immune response. Giornale Di Clinica Nefrologica E Dialisi, 31(1), 65–70. https://doi.org/10.33393/gcnd.2019.506

Issue

Section

Clinical nephrology

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