Evolution of proteomic biomarker for chronic liver disease Promise into reality

Krishna Sumanth Nallagangula; KN Shashidhar; V Lakshmaiah; Muninarayana

doi:10.33393/jcb.2018.2088

Authors

Krishna Sumanth Nallagangula Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
KN Shashidhar Department of Biochemistry, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
V Lakshmaiah Department of Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India
Muninarayana Department of Community Medicine, Sri Devaraj Urs Medical College, SDUAHER, Karnataka, India

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33393/jcb.2018.2088

Keywords:

Chronic liver disease, proteomics, biomarker discovery, assay optimization, specificity and sensitivity, validation strategies, pitfalls, companion diagnostics

Abstract

Liver is the vital organ for synthesis of proteins whose concentration in blood reflects liver dysfunction. Variations in protein domain can generate clinically significant biomarkers. Biomarker pipeline includes discovery of candidates, qualification, verification, assay optimization, and validation. Advances in proteomic approach can discover protein biomarker candidates based on “up-or-down” regulation or fold change in expression which is correlated with disease state. Despite numerous biomarker candidates been discovered, only few are useful in clinical practice which indicates the need for well-established validation regimen. Hence, the main purpose of this review is to understand the protein biomarker development and pitfalls. Companion diagnostics provide insights into potential cost-effective diagnosis for chronic liver disease.