Bacopa monnieri, a Neuroprotective Lead in Alzheimer Disease: A Review on Its Properties, Mechanisms of Action, and Preclinical and Clinical Studies

Authors

  • Aimi Syamima Abdul Manap School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Shantini Vijayabalan School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Priya Madhavan School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Yoke Yin Chia School of Biosciences, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Aditya Arya School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Eng Hwa Wong School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Farzana Rizwan School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Umesh Bindal School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.
  • Shajan Koshy School of Medicine, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, Taylor’s University, Subang Jaya, Malaysia.

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.33393/dti.2019.1417

Keywords:

Alzheimer, aging, therapeutic plant, Bacopa monnieri, bacosides

Abstract

Alzheimer disease is a neurodegenerative disease that is signified by cognitive decline, memory loss, and erratic behavior. Till date, no cure for Alzheimer exists and the current Alzheimer medications have limited effectiveness. However, herbal medicines may slow down the diseases progression, which may hopefully reduce the number of cases in the years to come. Numerous studies have been done on characterizing the neuroprotective properties from plants belonging to Scrophulariaceae family, particularly Bacopa monnieri and its polyphenolic compounds known as bacosides. This review presents the findings on bacosides in therapeutic plants and their impact on Alzheimer disease pathology. These reports present data on the clinical, cellular activities, phytochemistry, and biological applications that may be used in new drug treatment for Alzheimer disease.